Dosier
Siria: estado residual, complejidad confesional y ostracismo islamista
Published 2021-12-15
Keywords
- Syria,
- Islamism,
- colonialism,
- Baath,
- sectarianism
How to Cite
Ramírez Díaz, N. (2021). Siria: estado residual, complejidad confesional y ostracismo islamista. Ayer. Revista De Historia Contemporánea, 124(4), 109–133. https://doi.org/10.55509/ayer/124-2021-05
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Abstract
The national configuration of present-day Syria took place in a context characterized by external interference. Areas that had historically been part of a wider territory known as Bilad al-Sham were amputated. Its complex confessional composition exhibited differences that had been exacerbated by the French authorities, although internal dynamics resulting from ideological and class conflicts had also accentuated sectarianism. This article aims to show how the formation of Syria as a national entity deeply affected its political future, and helps explain various aspects of the current conflict.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
- Al-Asad, Hafiz et al.: «Interview 1. Hafiz al-Asad: Terrorism and the Anti-Syria Campaign», Journal of Palestine Studies, 22 (1993). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2538092
- Al-Jayr, Abd al-Rahman: Aqidatuna wa waqi’una nahnu al-muslimin al-ya’fariyyin al-‘alawiyyin (La doctrina y realidad de nosotros, los musulmanes yafaríes alauíes), Damasco, Kutub Faris Fa’ida, 1991.
- Al-Sibai, Mustafa: Ishtirakiyyat al-islam (El socialismo del islam), Damasco, Imprenta de la Universidad de Damasco, 1960.
- Álvarez-Ossorio, Ignacio: Siria contemporánea, Madrid, Síntesis, 2009.
- Barut, Muhammad Jamal: Yathrib al-yadida: al-harakat al-islamiyya al-rahina (La nueva Yathrib: los movimientos islámicos actuales), Londres, Dar al-Rayyes, 1994.
- Batatu, Hanna: «Syria’s Muslim Brethren», MERIP Reports, 110 (1982). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3012279
- Batatu, Hanna: Syria’s Pesantry, the Descendants of Its Lesser Rural Nobles, and Their Politics, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1999.
- Bou-Nacklie, N. E.: «Tumult in Syria’s Hama in 1925: he Failure of a Revolt», Journal of Contemporary History, 33, 2 (1998), pp. 273-289, esp. p. 277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/002200949803300206
- Carleton, Alford: «Syria Today», International Affairs, 30, 1 (1954). DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2608418
- Carré, Olivier y Michaud, Gérard: Les Frères Musulmans (1928-1982), París, Gallimard, 1983.
- Friedman, Yaron: The Nusayri-Alawis: An Introduction to the Religion, History and Identity of the Leading Minority in Syria, Londres, Brill, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004178922.i-328
- Gómez, Luz: Entre la sharía y la yihad: una historia intelectual del islamismo, Madrid, Catarata, 2018.
- Gutiérrez de Terán Gómez-Benita, Ignacio: Estado y confesión en Oriente Medio: el caso de Siria y Líbano. Religión, taifa y representatividad, Madrid, Universidad Autónoma, 2003.
- Hinnebusch, Raymond: «The Islamic Movement in Syria: Sectarian Conflict and Urban Rebellion in an Authoritarian-Populist Regime», en Dessouki, Y. Ali E. Hilal (ed.): Islamic Resurgence in the Arab World, Nueva York, Praeger, 1982.
- Ismail, Salwa: The Rule of Violence: Subjectivity, Memory and Government in Syria, Nueva York, Cambridge University Press, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139424721
- Kandil, Hazem: Inside the Brotherhood, Cambridge, Polity Press, 2015, p. 38, citando a Yusuf Al-Qaradawi: Al-sheij al-Gazali kama ‘araftuhu: rihlat nisf qarn (El sheij Al-Gazali como lo conocí: medio siglo de camino), El Cairo, Dar al-Shuruk, 2004.
- Makdisi, Ussama: «The Problem of Sectarianism in the Middle East in an Age of Western Hegemony», en Sectarianization: Mapping the New Politics of the Middle East, Londres, Hurst.
- Montagne, Robert: «French Policy in North Africa and in Syria», International Affairs, 16, 2 (1937).
- Perthes, Volker: The Political Economy of Syria Under Asad, Nueva York, I. B. Tauris, 1995.
- Petran, Tabitha: Syria: A Modern History, Londres, Ernest Benn Ltd., 1972.
- Pierret, Thomas: Religion and State in Syria: The Sunni Ulama from Coup to Revolution, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139207720
- Ramírez Díaz, Naomí: The Muslim Brotherhood in Syria: The Democratic Option of Islamism, Londres-Nueva York, Routledge, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315203928
- Saad Al-Din, Adnan: Al-ijuan al-muslimun fi Suria: Mudhakkirat wa dhikrayat, vol. 5, Ammán, Dar Ammar, 2009.
- Saad Al-Din, Adnan: Al-ijuan al-muslimun fi Suriya: Mudhakkirat wa dhikrayat (Los Hermanos Musulmanes en Siria: recuerdos y memorias), vol. I, Ammán, Dar Ammar, 2006.
- Saad Al-Din, Adnan: Al-Ijuan al-muslimun fi Suriya: mudhakkirat wa dhikrayat, vol. 2, Ammán, Dar Ammar, 2007, p. 160.
- Seale, Patrick: Asad of Syria: The Struggle for the Middle East, Berkeley-Los Ángeles, University of California Press, 1989.
- Seale, Patrick: Syria: The Struggle for Syria. A Study in Post-War Arab Politics 1945-1958, Londres-Nueva York, Oxford University Press, 1965.
- Teitelbaum, Joshua: «The Muslim Brotherhood and the “Struggle for Syria”, 1947-1958: Between Accomodation and Ideology», Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, 40, 3 (2004). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0026320042000213492
- Wedeen, Lisa: Ambiguities of Domination: Politics, Rhetoric and Symbols in Contemporary Syria, Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1999.
- Zarzour, Adnan: Mustafa al-Siba’i: al-da’iya al-muyaddid (Mustafa al-Siba’i: el predicador renovador), Damasco, Dar al-Qalam, 2000.